Agriculture & Food, Volume 6, 2018

Abstract: High precipitation and humidity are mainly abiotic environmental factors may influence bread wheat quality during grain filling stages in Trakya region (Turkey). It was investigated effect of the rainfall and humidity, during growth stage Z24 and Z89, on yield, quality and some agronomic characters in bread wheat cultivars. Rainfall and humidity from shooting up to grain filling period were taken in experimental area. This research was established with 25 genotypes in RCBD with 4 replications in Edirne and Tekirdağ location, from 2011 to 2016 growing seasons. Grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight, protein ratio, gluten, gluten index, hardness, sedimentation, plant height and days of heading were investigated. It was found various relations among locations and investigated parameters based on rainfall and humidity with yield and quality. The results showed that high rainfall from shooting up to grain filling stage had a negatively effect on protein ratio, gluten, gluten index and sedimentation in Edirne location. The high mean humidity from Z31 to Z89 growth stage had a positively effect on grain yield. Rainfall from shooting up to grain filling period had also positively effect on gluten index. Rainfall during Z24-30 and Z77-89 plant growth stage had positively effect on grain yield. At Tekirdağ location, rainfall during Z51-75 positively affected protein ratio (r=0.898*), and gluten value (r=0.714). High rainfall during Z77-90 growth stage negatively affected grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, and test weight. Humidity from Z24 up to Z89 growth stage had positively effect on grain yield, 1000-kernel weight and test weight. Mean humidity at Z51-75 and at Z77-89 growth stage led to significant reduction in gluten index. There was positively significant correlation between humidity with protein ratio and gluten value at Z51-75 and Z77-89 growth stage. All results showed that high rainfall and humidity have a various effects on quality and grain yield based on plant growth stage.